Percentages and Ratios

Number • Topic 3 • intermediate

⚖️ What Are Ratios?

A ratio compares quantities and shows how much of one thing there is compared to another.

Example: Red to Blue Balls

:

Ratio = 2:3 (2 red for every 3 blue)

Simplifying Ratios

8:12 = 2:3 (÷ 4)

15:25 = 3:5 (÷ 5)

Always divide by the highest common factor

📈 Proportion and Scale

Proportion tells us that two ratios are equal. Scale helps us make things bigger or smaller while keeping the same proportions.

Direct Proportion Example:

If 3 apples cost £2, how much do 6 apples cost?

3 apples : £2 = 6 apples : £4

🎯 Test Your Knowledge

1. Simplify the ratio 12:18